Moon RY, Carlin RF, Hand I, Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and the Committee on Fetus and Newborn (2022). Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Updated 2022 Recommendations for Reducing Infant Deaths in the Sleep Environment. Pediatrics, 150(1), e2022057990. <https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-057990>
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新生儿身体里存的维生素 K 很少,不补可能出血,晚出现的那种常常是脑子里出血。在没普遍打这一针的地方,每 10 万个新生儿有 478 个出这种血。打了这一针,估计能少掉七成八以上。国内正规医院会常规打,在家生或在不正规机构生的,要主动问一句打了没有。
收益
新生儿体内存的维生素 K 很少。不补充可能出现维生素 K 缺乏性出血,晚出现的那一种常常表现为颅内出血(脑子里出血)。比利时的共识建议是「出生时肌肉注射 1 或 2 毫克维生素 K 一次」。在没有系统提供预防的地区,维生素 K 缺乏性出血的发生率是每 10 万人 478 例,这个数字来自塔什干的 4.2 万名新生儿。作者估计,做了预防可以使发生率下降「高于 78.5%」
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